The frontend represents what users visually see and the backend performs all the applications functions seamlessly. Basically, the backend is known as the engine of the website that consists of a server, database, and app.

The backend technology forms the foundation of the website, therefore the selection of the best frameworks will decide the success of your web application.

In this article, we will throw a light on some of the most popular backend technologies of 2021 and which will be in reign in 2022 as well. Before we start, let's find out what backend technology means?

What Is Backend Development?

The backend development process is also known as server-side development. It covers all the backend server-side logic, integration, and activities like writing APIs, creating libraries, working with system components, etc. The backend development process is basically of three types - server, database, and application to perform the logic.

Backend developers build a code that allows communication between a database and an application like a store, read, update and delete the information. The main development function is dependent upon the backend development process, as it acts as a base of the application on which all the development process takes place.

The major benefits of having a robust backend technology are:

• Code acceptable for cross-platform
• Saves development time
• Better quality
• Robustness and scalability 
• Seamless integration and enhanced security

Most popular backend technologies in 2022

So wondering which backend technologies will mostly be in demand in 2022, here are some of them which will continue to be in limelight:

• Ruby on Rails
• Laravel
• Django
• Spring Boot
• Phoenix
• Flask
• Nest.js
• Strapi
• Koa
• Express

Ruby on Rails:

Ruby on Rails is written in Ruby language and is known as a server-side framework. Basically, it is a model-view-controller (MVC) framework with by default database structure, services, and web pages. RoR uses JSON and XML formats for data transfer and for the interface it uses HTML/CSS, which ensures rapid and in-depth development of web apps using Ruby. 

Key Features:

• Huge community support
• Easy compilation and testing
• Consume less time on standard activities
• Codes are reusable in different projects
• Cost and time effective framework

Companies Using Ruby On Rails:

GitHub, Netflix, Hulu, Airbnb, Shopify, Crunchbase, Zendesk, Bloomberg, etc.

Laravel:

Laravel is an open-source PHP framework, which is free and robust in nature. It is considered as one of the easiest frameworks, which reuses its codes with other existing frameworks to create web applications. It easily incorporates Ruby on Rails and other frameworks like CodeIgniter and Yii. 

Websites developed on Laravel are considered more secure, easily manageable, and prevent malware.  It boosts the speed of the website.

Key Features:

• Manageable and versatile
• Robust template system
• Community support and good documentation  
• Easy to upgrade
• Authorization and authentication

Companies Using Laravel:

Kmong, Razorpay, 9GAG, BBC, Pfizer, Ratio, TourRadar, About you., etc.

Django & Python:

Django is one of the popular, high-level frameworks for Python that brings various libraries together. It helps to develop an efficient app with backend technology, as it supports almost every type of project. 

It is an open-source MVC framework that helps to create modern, high-performance, data-driven, feature-rich web and apps. Django uses Python to function every operation and ensures code reusability & pluggability, which consumes less time in the development process. 

Key Features:

• High level of security
• Faster development
• Python web framework
• SEO optimized
• Scalable and versatile

Companies Using Django:

Instagram, Spotify, Mozilla, Pinterest, National Geographic, Bitbucket, etc.

Spring Boot:

Spring Boot is an open-source backend framework, based on JavaScript. It helps the developers to create a Java-based website with less effort. It is mainly known as a standalone framework, as it does not rely upon external web servers to create its applications. At the initial development process, it is embedded with Tomcat or Netty to create standard applications. 

Key Features:

• Based on Java
• Admin features
• Externalized Configuration
• Applications listeners
• Safe Configuration

Companies Using Spring Boot:

Google, Microsoft, Accenture, Amazon, CRED, Udemy, Trivago, etc.

Phoenix:

The Phoenix framework is one of the well-suited backend decisions as it offers the best performing web and applications. Developers can make intuitive and quality-rich web applications in a quick way with the least of coding. There is a huge programming community to help this tool. It is written in Elixir – a practical programming language. It gives constant correspondence through WebSockets and works well with Erlang's virtual machine.

Key Features:

• Diminishes functional intricacy
• Adaptable, useful, and creation prepared
• Inbuilt instrumentation and live dashboard
• More code practicality
• Incorporates everything from prototyping to creation

Companies Using Phoenix:

Podium, PetSmart, Heroic Labs, EXOS, Avnet, Axway, Climatec, Knight Transportation, etc.

Flask:

Flask is a famous miniature framework that is written in Python. It needn't bother with explicit libraries or tools and subsequently, it is named as a miniature structure. There is no structure approval, information base reflection layer, or any prior library. It is light weighted and picked for developing more modest measured applications. There is broad help for augmentations that are capable of embedding highlights into web applications.

Key Features:

• Inbuilt web server and debugger
• Gotten treats
• Support for unit testing and Unicode
• Great documentation accessibility
• Variety of libraries, tools, and mechanics

Companies Using Flask:

LinkedIn, Trivago, Netflix, CRED, Reddit, Lyft, Lyft, Uber, Airbnb, Mozilla, MIT, etc.

Nest.js:

Written in TypeScript and JavaScript, Nest.js is an extensive and advanced framework that is ideal for creating backend systems. There are a lot of attractive features installed within and hence are all set for development. It is compatible with tools such as GraphQL. It powers TypeScript, is easy to learn, use, and master. It has active codebase development and maintenance.

Key Features:

• In-depth documentation
• Powerful CLI to enhance productivity
• Easy and quick development
• Latest coding and supportable apps
• Open-source (MIT license)

Strapi:

Strapi is an open-source Node.Js framework, which gives developers freedom in the development process to use their favorite tools and frameworks. It is known as free-hand content management software. It helps the content editors to streamline their work (text, audio, & video) across different platforms.

Key Features:

• Effective media library
• Headless CMS
• Built-in sorting and filtering
• Written in JavaScript
• Streamlined content delivery

Companies Using Strapi:

IBM, Nasa, Cozero, Trade Republic, Mind Gym, Walmart, Nando’s Stack, Labs, etc.

Koa:

Koa is an open-source, NodeJS based backend framework that is scalable and lightweight. It is a smaller yet robust and expressive framework, with good error handling capabilities and offers a great apps development environment. It is known as the next-gen Node.Js framework. The async function of Koa helps it to ditch callbacks and handle errors.

Key Features:

• Short, simple, and easy code
• Next-gen framework
• Smaller framework as compared to other NodeJS frameworks
• Better error management
• Usage of a context object

Companies Using Koa:

GAPO, Brainhub, air closet, Paralect, LetzChange, Pier, Shimo Website, Pubu, etc.

Express:

Express.js or Express is a free and open-source Node. Js-based framework, released under the license of MIT. The framework provides an easy and fast environment to create web applications. It is also known as the backend MEAN stack development framework, which offers thin layer primary web apps. It can easily combine with other MEAN stack components like AngularJS, NodeJS, and MongoDB. It is creating dynamic applications.

Key Features:

• High level of performance with consistency
• Web and video streaming
• Plug-in support for more functionality
• Good framework support
• Compatibility with other frameworks

Companies Using Express:

Accenture, Twitter, MuleSoft, Myntra, Myspace, Bepro Company, Intuit, PLAID, Stack, etc.

These above-mentioned backend technologies need to be included when you are planning to develop your dynamic website. However, choosing the best and most popular backend technology also depends upon different parameters such as budgets, complexity, expertise, database, etc.

All business owners need to pick the best company that offers all the popular technologies in their web development process.